Key Indicators & Decisions (KI&Ds) – Denmark – 2020

01.01

Definition of public buildings (according to article 9 b)

01.02

Definition of public buildings used by the public (according to article 13)

A roofed construction with walls, owned or used by the state and accessible for the public, and for which energy is used to condition the indoor climate.

01.03

Number of residential buildings

1,482,029

Statistical year 2019 (www.dst.dk)

01.04

Number of non-residential buildings

771,289

Statistical year 2019 (www.dst.dk)

01.05

If possible, share of public buildings included in the number given in 01.04

84,582

Statistical year 2019 (www.dst.dk)

01.06

If possible, share of commercial buildings included in the number given in 01.04

686,707

Statistical year 2019 (www.dst.dk)

01.07

Number of buildings constructed per year (estimate)

28,245

Statistical year 2019 (www.dst.dk)

01.08

If possible, share of residential buildings constructed per year (estimate, included in the number given in 01.07)

-

01.09

If possible, share of non-residential buildings constructed per year (estimate, included in the number given in 01.07)

-

01.10

Useful floor area of buildings constructed per year in million square meters (estimate)

6,69 Mm²

Statistical year 2019 (www.dst.dk)

02.01

Are building codes set as overall value, primary energy, environment (CO₂), reference building or other

Primary energy

 Primary energy factors:

• Electricity: 1.90
• District heating: 0.85
• Other: 1.0

02.02

Requirements for energy performance of residential buildings in current building code

30+1,000/A kWh/m² per year

Primary energy, where A is the heated gross floor area.

02.03

Requirements for energy performance of non-residential commercial buildings in current building code

41+1,000/A kWh/m² per year

Primary energy, where A is the heated gross floor area.

02.04

Requirements for energy performance of non-residential public buildings in current building code

41+1,000/A kWh/m² per year

Primary energy, where A is the heated gross floor area. Given the fact that the building is non-residential.

02.05

Is the performance level of nearly zero energy (NZEB) for new buildings defined in national legislation?

Yes, in Building Regulation  as of 1 July 2016.

02.06

Nearly zero energy (NZEB) level for residential buildings (level for building code)

30+1,000/A kWh/m² per year

Primary energy, where A is the heated gross floor area.

02.07

Year / date for nearly zero energy (NZEB) as level for residential buildings (as indicated in 02.04)

1 July 2016

02.08

Nearly zero energy (NZEB) level for all non-residential buildings (level for building code)

41+1,000/A kWh/m² per year

Primary energy, where A is the heated gross floor area.

02.09

Year / date for nearly zero energy (NZEB) as level for non-residential buildings (as indicated in 02.06)

1 July 2016

02.10

Are nearly zero energy buildings (NZEB) defined using a carbon or environment indicator?

No

02.11

Is renewable energy a part of the overall or an additional requirement?

Part of the overall requirement. Local electricity production up to a maximum of 25 kWh (primary energy)/m²

m² heated gross floor area.

02.12

If renewable energy is an additional requirement to NZEB, please indicate level

02.13

Specific comfort criteria for new buildings, provide specific parameters for instance for airtightness, minimum ventilation rates

Airtightness better than 1.0 l/s.m² @ 50 Pa.

Minimum ventilation rate 0.3 l/s.m².

Max 100 hours above 27°C and 25 hours above 28°C.

Valid for residential buildings

03.01

Is the level of nearly zero energy (NZEB) for existing buildings set in national legislation?

According to (EU) 2016/1318 2.5, 'Refurbishment into NZEB' means a refurbishment of a magnitude that allows the energy performance requirements of a NZEB level to be met.

Thus, the level of NZEB is found in the Building Regulations 2018 (BR18) § 259 for residential buildings and § 260 for non-residential buildings.

Commission Recommendation (EU) 2016/1318 of 29 July 2016 on guidelines for the promotion of nearly zero-energy buildings and best practices to ensure that, by 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildings

03.02

Is the level of nearly zero energy (NZEB) for existing buildings similar to the level for new buildings?

Yes, as described in 03.01

03.03

Definition of nearly zero energy (NZEB) for existing residential buildings (if different from new buildings)

Same as new buildings

03.04

Definition of nearly zero energy (NZEB) for existing non-residential buildings (if different from new buildings)

Same as new buildings

03.05

Overall minimum requirements in case of major-renovation

BR18:

• Energy demand in relation to conversions and replacement of building parts § 274 – 279
• Renovation classes for existing buildings § 280 – 282

03.06

Minimum requirements for individual building parts in case of renovation

Minimum requirements for individual building parts are found in BR18 Appendix 2, Table 3.

03.07

National targets for renovation in connection to Long Term Renovation Strategy (number or percentage of buildings)

Work on the national targets is currently underway.

03.08

National targets for renovation in connection to Long Term Renovation Strategy (expected reductions and relevant years)

Expected reduction of net heat energy consumption for residential buildings:

04.01

Number of energy performance certificates per year (for instance average or values for of 3-5 years)

Approx. 61,000 across building categories.

See Table 3

04.02

Number of EPCs since start of scheme

794,000

From September 2006 to March 2020

04.03

Number of EPCs for different building types

See Table 3

04.04

Number of assessors

The DEA only records companies: companies in total = 184 with approx. 900 assessors.

End of 2019

04.05

Basic education requirements for assessors

Assessors achieve the competence requirement by passing an educational requirement. As part of the education, there is a physical building inspection. The entry requirement is a competency requirement corresponding to level 4 on the EQF scale. After completing the educational requirement, the assessor remains at EQF level 4.

04.06

Additional training demands for assessors

The educated assessor must be employed by a company that meets the requirements set by the DEA, e.g., there is a requirement for the implementation of quality management according to DS/EN ISO 9001.

04.07

Quality assurance system

The quality control performed by the DEA is based on a combination of validity control of the building input data used in issuing the energy label and a risk-based control of issued energy labels.

New approach for control from 2019

04.08

National database for EPCs

Yes, since 2006.

04.09

Link to national information on EPCs / Database

https://emoweb.dk/emodata/test/

User access is created by contacting the DEA.

05.01

Is there a national definition of smart buildings?

No

05.02

Are there current support systems for smart buildings?

No

05.03

Are there currently specific requirements for technical building systems (for instance in building codes)?

Yes

According to the Danish Building regulations (BR18)

05.04

Are there current requirements for automatics (for instance in building codes)?

Yes

According to the Danish Building regulations (BR18)

05.05

Chosen option A or B for heating systems (inspection or other measures)

B

05.06

Number of heating inspections; reports per year (if option A)

-

05.07

Chosen option A or B for cooling systems (inspection or other measures)

B

05.08

Number of air-conditioning / cooling system inspections; reports per year (if option A)

-

05.09

Is there a national database for heating inspections?

No

Denmark has implemented the alternative approach in article 14 (3).

05.10

Is there a national database for cooling / air-conditioning inspections?

No

Denmark has implemented the alternative approach in article 15 (3).

05.11

Are inspection databases combined with EPC databases for registration of EPCs and inspection reports?

No

Denmark has implemented the alternative approach in article 14 (3) and 15 (3).

05.12

Link to national information on Inspection / Database

-